First Year: Semester I

First Year: Semester II

Second Year: Semester I

Second Year: Semester II

Third Year: Semester I

Third Year: Semester II

Fourth Year: Semester I

Fourth Year: Semester II

1. Introduction: Definitions of important terms; objectives of forest management; concept of Forest Management.

2. Forest types of Bangladesh; significance of Forest Ecology on Forest Management.

3. Silviculture: Silviculture and plantation of some important tree species for tea garden; practices of Silviculture; Silvicultural systems.

4. Rotation: Kinds of rotation; factors affecting choice of rotation; discussion of rotation.

5. Yield Regulation: Functions; yield regulation by area and volume; Austrain, Hundeshagen’s and Von Mantel’s formulae; yield tables.

6. Mensuration: Measuring standing trees (DBH, crown diameter, height, total height, merchantable height, Basal Area, Tapering, form factor, volume.); measuring volume of log; Volume Tables; Increment and Growth.

7. Logging: Preparation for logging; felling operations; log extraction; log transportation.

8. Wildlife management in Bangladesh.

9. Carbon trade and management of forest and environment in Bangladesh in line with Kyoto Protocol.

1. Castanedia, F. 1989. Forest Logging and Transportation. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011. Institute of Forest, Chittagong University.

2. Chaturvedi, A. N. and L.S. Khanna. 1998. Forest Mensuration. International Book Distribution, Dehradun 248001, India.

3. Choudhury, J.K. 2002. An Introduction to Forest Management. Mrs. Huliama, R. J. Apt-504, House-48 (old), Road-26(old), Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1209.

4. Kamaluddin, M. 1984. Forest Ecology. Institute of Forestry, Chittagong UNiversity.

5. Pant, M.M. 1990. Forest Resource Management. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011. Institute of Forestry. Chittagong University.

6. Sarker, S. U. 1992. Parks and Wildlife Management. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011. Institute of Forestry. Chittagong University.

7. Zabala, N.Q. 1990. Plantation Silviculture. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011. Institute of Forestry. Chittagong University

8. Zabala, N. Q. 1990. Principles and Practice of Silviculture. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011. Institute of Forestry. Chittagong University.

9. Zabala, N.Q. 1990. Silviculture of Species. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011. Institute of Forestry. Chittagong University.

10. Zabala, N.Q. 1990. Silvicultural Systems. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011. Institute of Forestry. Chittagong University.

.

1. Introduction: Importance of Taxonomy, Ecology, Palaeobotany, Cytology, Genetics, Pathology, Plant Breeding, Physiology, Microbiology, Agronomy and Horticulture in Forestry.

2. Reproductive Biology of Higher Plants: Pollination - process, types of pollination, pollinating agents with special reference to important tree species in mangrove forest, hill forest and plain land forests of Bangladesh, Fertilisation - process, development of embryos and endosperm, Dispersal of fruits and seeds with special emphasis on forest tree species.

3. Phytogeography: Salient features of hydrophytes, xerophytes, halophytes and mesophytes and their adaptations.

4. Anatomy: Origin and differentiation of apical meristems, tissues and tissue systems, secondary growth in dicot and monocot stems.

5. Cytology: Ultra-structure and functions of cell organelles, significance of mitotic and meiotic cell divisions.

6. Genetics and Plant Breeding: Mendelian principles of inheritance, physical basis of heredity, chromosomes and genes, linkage and crossingover, gene-mutation polyploidies and their economic importance, objectives and principles of plant breeding.

Cobley, L. S. and Steele, W.M. 1976. An Introduction to the Botany of Tropical crops. Second Edition, The English language, Book Society and Longman, London, U.K. 371p.

Dutta, A.C., 1972. A Class Book of Botany, Fourteenth Edition, Oxford University Press, Fanadany House, Calcutta-13, India. 500p.

Fattah and Islam, 1976, College Biology. Jahangir Sons, 42, Bangla Bazar, Dhaka. 456p.

Hill, A.F. 1979. Economic Botany, Tata McGraw Hill Book Publishing Company Ltd. New Delhi, India. 560p.

Huq, A.M. 1986. Plant Names of Bangladesh. Bangladesh National Herbarium, 220, Green Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-5. 289p.

Mukherji, H. 1974. Plat Groups. Allied (p) Ltd. 8/1, Chintarnidas Calcutta 9, India. 1084p.

Sharma, O.P. 1980. A manual of Practical Botany. Vol 1. Pragati Prakashani, Begum Bridge, Neerut-25001, India. 310p.

 

1. Introduction: Phenology, geographical distribution and economic importance of important forest tree species of Bangladesh.

2. Taxonomy: Definition, fundamentals of taxonomy, concept of predictivity, aims and significance of taxonomy, taxonomy and systematics, phases of taxonomy, units of classification, kinds of classification, short history of plant classification, some important systems of classification and their comparisons: Linnaeus system, Bentham and Hooker’s system, Engler and Prantl’s system, Hatchinson’s system, Cronquist’s system, nomenclature, taxonomic hierarchy and concept of categories.

3. Identifying characters, economic importance and examples with forest tree species of the following families: Gymnosperm: Cycadales, Gnetales, and Coniferales, Monocots: Graminae (Bamboosoidae) and Palmae, Dicots: Verbenaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Leguminosae, Meliaceae, Sterculiaceae, Anacardiaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Moraceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Sonneratiaceae, Loranthaceae.

4. Objectives and functions with particular reference to forestry: Herbarium, Botanical Garden and Arboretum.

Benson. L. 1957. Plant Classification. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi, India. 688p.

Brandis, D. 1987. Indian Trees. Archbald Constable and Co. Ltd., 16 Jame’s Street, Haymarket, S.W. 767p.

Drury, C. H. 1985. The useful plants to India. International Book Distributors, 9/3, Rajpur Road, Dehra Dun-218001, India. 512p.

Harlow, W.M.; Harrar. E.S. and While, F.M. 1952. McGraw Hill Book Company, New Delhi, India.512p.

Heywood; V.H. 1976. Plant taxonomy. Second Edition. Edward Arnold (Publisher) Ltd. 25 Hill Street, London WIX 8 LL, U.K. 63p.

Howard, A.L. 1986. Studies of the Identification of Timbers. International Book Distributors, 9/3, Rajpur Road, Dehra Dun-248001, India. 110p.

Jones, B.S. and Luchsinger, A.E. 1979. Plant Systematics. McGraw Hill Book Company, New Delhi, India. 512p.

Rendle, A.B. 1979. The Classification of Flowering Plants. Volume I & II. Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. Vikas House, 20/4, Industrial Area, Sahidabad, Ghaziabad, U.P. India. 610p.

 

This course will include an orientation tour to different forest areas and forest-related organisations to introduce forestry in Bangladesh and to show natural diversity and its trend. All students will write a field trip report, and appear in written examination and viva-voce. It also includes tree planting, nursing and maintaining a plantation journal by each of the students.

1. Introduction: Scope of geology and soil science, origin, general information and interior of the earth.

2. Mineralogy: Definition and physical characteristics of minerals, study of essential and accessory minerals.

3. Petrology: Classification of rocks into types and their formation, igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks structures and textures, description of common rocks and soils developed from them.

4. Structural Geology: Strike, dip, folding, anticlines, synclines, faults, stratification and lamination.

5. Forms and uses of fossils, geological time scale.

6. Geology of Bangladesh.

1. Weathering and Soil Forming Processes: Physical, chemical, and biological agents and their role in weathering of rocks and minerals, processes of soil formation.

2. Physical, chemical and biological properties of forest soils and their significance in silvicultural practices and tree growth.

3. Factors of soil formation and their role in forest soil formation.

4. Soil Profile: Definition, master horizon designation, and their characteristics and sub divisions.

5. Forest humus and its influence on physical, chemical (soil pH, procedure to determine soil pH, salinity, alkalinity, etc.) and biological properties of soils. Soil biota and its role in the turn over of organic matter in forest soil.

6. Soil classification with special reference to Bangladesh and their bearing on forests.

Armson, K.M. 1979. Forest Soils: Properties and processes. Univ. of Toronto pres. Toronto. 390p.

Bangar, M.M. 1981. A Text Book of Geology. Standard Publishers Distributors, Delhi.

Brady, N.C. 1996. The nature and properties of soil.. Prentice Hall of India India, New Delhi. 621p

Brammer, H. 1971. Soil Survey Project Bangladesh. Soil Resources, AGL; SF/ PAK

Fitzpatrick, E.A. 1974. An Introduction to Soil Science. Oliver & Boyd. Edinburgh.

Hussain, M.S. 1992. Soil Classification (with special reference to the soils of Bangladesh), University of Dhaka.

Muthayya, V.D. 1968. A text Book of Geology. 4^th Ed. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi. 229p.

Russell, E.W. 1981. Soil Conditions and plant growth. Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd. London. 688p.

Sarkar, R.S. and Chandul, P.S. 1988. Plant Ecology and Soil Science. S. Chand & Co. (Pvt.) Ltd., New Delhi, India. 97p.

 

1. Introduction: Basic concept of forest ecology, forest ecology in relation to silviculture, forest and environmental management.

2. Ecosystem: Concept and components of ecosystem, habitat and ecological niche, tropic level, food chain, food web, tropic structure and ecological pyramids.

3. Site factors: Site factors and their effects on plant growth, regeneration and distribution, interrelationships between site factors, effects of forest vegetation on site factors.

4. Mineral nutrition of forests: Nutrient cycling, nutrient uptake, mycorrhiza and nutrient uptake, nutrient return, rainfall and nutrient input, litter fall and nutrient return, soil organisms and their role in decomposition of organic matter, nutrient loss.

5. Succession and Retrogression: Concept and stages of succession, concept of climax, causes of retrogression and its relation in forest instability, succession in mangrove forests.

6. Synecology: Community composition, physiognomy, classification of community, structure of vegetation, methods of studying of plant community structure.

7. Autecology: Phenology, flowering, pollination, fruiting, seed output, dispersal of fruits and seeds, seed viability, dormancy, reproductive capacity and plant percent, seedling and vegetative growth, adaptation in forest trees.

8. Tropical forests: Distribution, types, species composition and forest types of Bangladesh.

Anderson, I.M. 1981. Ecology for environmental biosphere: Ecosystems and Mass. Edward Arnald. 175p.

Baubenmire, R. 1968. Plant communities: A textbook of plant synecology. Harper & Row, Publishers. New York. 300p.

Etherington, J. R. 1975. Environment and Plant ecology. John wiley & Sons. London.

Ehyd, A. G. 1977. Ecology of the tidal forests in the kikori-Remilly Sowd Area Gulf of Papua Ecology Report No. 4 Div. of Botany, Office of Forests Dept. of Primary Industry.

Greig-Smith, P. 1983. Quantitative plant ecology. 3^rd ed. Blackwell Scientific Publications. Oxford, London & Edinburgh, 359 p.

Grime, S. P. 1981. Plant strategies and vegetations processes. John wiley & Sons. Chichester. 233p.

Kamaluddin, M. 1984. Forest ecology, Institute of Forestry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh. 185p.

Kershaw, K.A. 1969. Quantitative and dynamic ecology. Ddward arnald. (Publishers) Ltd. London.

Kormondy, E.J. 1976. Concepts of ecology. 2^nd Ed. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood cliffs. New Jersey.

Puri, G.S. 1960. Indian forest ecology. A comprehensive survey of vegetation and its environment in the Indian Subcontinent. Vol. I & II. Oxford Book & Stationery Co. New Delhi and Calcutta (India). 318p.

Richards, P.W. 1976. The Tropical rain forest. An ecological study. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge. 450p.

Spurr, S.H. and Barnes, B.V. 1973. Forest ecology. 2^nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York. 687p.

Spurr, S. H. and Barnes, B.V. 1980. Forest ecology 3^rd ed. John will & Sons. New York 698p.

Whitmore, T. C. 1975. Tropical rain forests of the Far East. Clarnedon Press. Oxfored. 283p.

Zabala, N. Q. 1990 Forest ecology Undp/FAO/ BGD/85/011. Field Document Number 6. Development of professional education in the Forestry Sector in Bangladesh. Institute of Forestry, Chittagong University, Chittagong & FAO, Rome.

 

This course will include an orientation tour to different forest areas and forest-related organisations to introduce forestry in Bangladesh and to show natural diversity and its trend. All students will write a field trip report, and appear in written examination and viva-voce. It also includes tree planting, nursing and maintaining a plantation journal by each of the students.

1. Study of special plant organs.

2. Collection and identification of fruits and seeds of forest trees.

3. Demonstration of mitosis and meiosis.

4. Anatomical study of dicots and monocots stem, root and leaf.

Cobley, L. S. and Steele, W.M. 1976. An Introduction to the Botany of Tropical crops. Second Edition, The English language Book Society and Longman, London, U.K. 371p.

Dutta, A.C., 1972. A Class Book of Botany, Fourteenth Edition, Oxford University Press, Fanadany House, Calcutta-13, India. 500p.

Fattah and Islam, 1976, College Biology. Jahangir Sons, 42, Bangla Bazar, Dhaka. 456p.

Hill, A.F. 1979. Economic Botany, Tata McGraw Hill Book Publishing Company Ltd. New Delhi, India. 560p.

Huq, A.M. 1986. Plant Names of Bangladesh. Bangladesh National Herbarium, 220, Green Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-5. 289p.

Mukherji, H. 1974. Plat Groups. Allied (p) Ltd. 8/1, Chintarnidas Calcutta 9, India. 1084p.

Sharma, O.P. 1980. A manual of Practical Botany. Vol 1. Pragati Prakashani, Begum Bridge, Neerut-25001, India. 310p.

 

2 Hours/Week, 1 Credit

1. Identification of woody plants on the basis of morphological and vegetative characteristics and study of families.

2. Collection, preparation and preservation of herbarium specimens.

3. Recording of phenological characteristics of important tree species.

Benson. L. 1957. Plant Classification. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi, India. 688p.

Brandis, D. 1987. Indian Trees. Archbald Constable and Co. Ltd., 16 Jame’s Street, Haymarket, S.W. 767p.

Drury, C. H. 1985. The useful plants to India. International Book Distributors, 9/3, Rajpur Road, Dehra Dun-218001, India. 512p.

Harlow, W.M.; Harrar. E.S. and While, F.M. 1952. McGraw Hill Book Company, New Delhi, India.512p.

Heywood; V.H. 1976. Plant taxonomy. Second Edition. Edward Arnold (Publisher) Ltd. 25 Hill Street, London WIX 8 LL, U.K. 63p.

Howard, A.L. 1986. Studies of the Identification of Timbers. International Book Distributors, 9/3, Rajpur Road, Dehra Dun-248001, India. 110p.

Jones, B.S. and Luchsinger, A.E. 1979. Plant Systematics. McGraw Hill Book Company, New Delhi, India. 512p.

Rendle, A.B. 1979. The Classification of Flowering Plants. Volume I & II. Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. Vikas House, 20/4, Industrial Area, Sahidabad, Ghaziabad, U.P. India. 610p.

1. Introduction to forestry: Definitions and meaning of important terms used in forestry, scope, objectives and importance of forestry with particular reference to Bangladesh.

2 Forest types: Location, distribution and species composition of the different forest types.

3. Legal classification of the forests of Bangladesh

4. Problems of Bangladesh forests like encroachment, shifting cultivation, illicit cuttings, etc.

5. Tangible and intangible benefits of forest.

6. Scientific names of important flora and fauna and their important uses.

7. Introduction to major forestry areas – silviculture, protection, harvesting, utilization, etc.

8. Forest education, research and training in Bangladesh.

9. Functions and administrative set up of Bangladesh Forest Department (FD), Bangladesh Forest Research Institute (BFRI), Bangladesh Forest Industries Development Corporation (BFIDC).

1. Introduction to Environmental Science: Definitions and meaning of important terms used in forestry, scope, objectives and importance of environmental science.

2. An introduction to atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere.

3. A brief introduction to environmental pollution.

4. Major environmental issues in Bangladesh and their influence on our forests and the vice-versa.

5. Function and administrative set up of the Department of Environment and environmental education institutions.

6. Introduction to green house effect.

Anon. 1989. Gana Parjaya Brikhya Rupan. Bangladesh Forest Department.

Anon. 1990. Bangladesh Paribesh O Paribesh Adidapter (Bengali vers), Department of Environment, Dhaka. 155p.

Bhuiyan, A. M. 1991. Paribesh dushan, part I & II.Unique Library, 150, Anderkilla, Chittagong.

Sharpe, G.W.; Hendee, C.W. and Sharpe, W.F. 1986. Introduction to Forestry. McGraw Hill Book Co. New York. 629p.

Southwick, C.H. 1972. Ecology and the quality of our environment. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York.

Wenger, K.E. 1984. Forestry handbook, 2^nd Ed. John Willey & Sons. New York. 335p.

Young, R.A. 1982. Introduction to Forest Science. John Wiley & Sons. New York. 554p.

 

1. Study of physical properties of rock and mineral specimen in the laboratory.

2. Method of soil sampling.

3. Study of soil profile in the field and the textural classification of soil.

4. Visits to different soil resources research centres to demonstrate mechanical analysis of soil by hydrometer method; determination of soil organic matter by wet oxidation method; estimation of total nitrogen; determination of water holding capacity; and determination of different physical and chemical properties of soil.

Armson, K.M. 1979. Forest Soils: Properties and processes. Univ. of Toronto pres. Toronto. 390p.

Bangar, M.M. 1981. A Text Book of Geology. Standard Publishers Distributors, Delhi.

Brady, N.C. 1996. The nature and properties of soil.. Prentice Hall of India India, New Delhi. 621p

Brammer, H. 1971. Soil Survey Project Bangladesh. Soil Resources, AGL; SF/ PAK

Fitzpatrick, E.A. 1974. An Introduction to Soil Science. Oliver & Boyd. Edinburgh.

Hussain, M.S. 1992. Soil Classification (with special reference to the soils of Bangladesh), University of Dhaka.

Muthayya, V.D. 1968. A text Book of Geology. 4^th Ed. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi. 229p.

Russell, E.W. 1981. Soil Conditions and plant growth. Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd. London. 688p.

Sarkar, R.S. and Chandul, P.S. 1988. Plant Ecology and Soil Science. S. Chand & Co. (Pvt.) Ltd., New Delhi, India. 97p.

1. Application of different methods of studying vegetation.

2. Morphological and anatomical study of different ecological adaptation of selected forest species.

3. Visit to meteorological stations to demonstrate humidity recording, sunshine hour, rainfall measurement, etc.

Anderson, I.M. 1981. Ecology for environmental biosphere: Ecosystems and Mass. Edward Arnald. 175p.

Baubenmire, R. 1968. Plant communities: A textbook of plant synecology. Harper & Row, Publishers. New York. 300p.

Etherington, J. R. 1975. Environment and Plant ecology. John wiley & Sons. London.

Ehyd, A. G. 1977. Ecology of the tidal forests in the kikori-Remilly Sowd Area Gulf of Papua Ecology Report No. 4 Div. of Botany, Office of Forests Dept. of Primary Industry.

Greig-Smith, P. 1983. Quantitative plant ecology. 3^rd ed. Blackwell Scientific Publications. Oxford, London & Edinburgh, 359 p.

Grime, S. P. 1981. Plant strategies and vegetations processes. John wiley & Sons. Chichester. 233p.

Kamaluddin, M. 1984. Forest ecology, Institute of Forestry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh. 185p.

Kershaw, K.A. 1969. Quantitative and dynamic ecology. Ddward arnald. (Publishers) Ltd. London.

Kormondy, E.J. 1976. Concepts of ecology. 2^nd Ed. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood cliffs. New Jersey.

Puri, G.S. 1960. Indian forest ecology. A comprehensive survey of vegetation and its environment in the Indian Subcontinent. Vol. I & II. Oxford Book & Stationery Co. New Delhi and Calcutta (India). 318p.

Richards, P.W. 1976. The Tropical rain forest. An ecological study. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge. 450p.

Spurr, S.H. and Barnes, B.V. 1973. Forest ecology. 2^nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York. 687p.

Spurr, S. H. and Barnes, B.V. 1980. Forest ecology 3^rd ed. John will & Sons. New York 698p.

Whitmore, T. C. 1975. Tropical rain forests of the Far East. Clarnedon Press. Oxfored. 283p.

Zabala, N. Q. 1990 Forest ecology Undp/FAO/ BGD/85/011. Field Document Number 6. Development of professional education in the Forestry Sector in Bangladesh. Institute of Forestry, Chittagong University, Chittagong & FAO, Rome.

1. General introduction: Definition, scope, physiological processes and conditions, kleb’s concept.

2. Nutrition: Mineral nutrition, their sources, function and deficiency symptoms; cultural techniques (sand and water cultures).

3. Plant - water relationship: Importance of water to plants, soil water forms, absorption of water, path of movement of water through root, ascent of sap, factors affecting the rate of water absorption. Water use efficiency, water stress and growth.

4.Transpiration: Kinds of transpiration & their mechanism, factors affecting the rate of transpiration, significance of transpiration.

5. Transport of materials: the transporting system, mechanisms of translocation, factors affecting translocation.

6 Mineral salt absorption in plants: Steps of salt absorption in root cells, radial movement of ions from surface cells to xylem & translocation from root to shoot.

7. Metabolism: Photosynthesis (introduction, the chloroplast pigments, factors affecting chlorophyll formation, mechanism of photosynthesis, factors affecting photosynthesis); and respiration (definition, importance, kinds of respiration, mechanism of respiration (glycolysis and kerb’s cycle), factors affecting respiration.

8. Growth and development: Parameters of growth, growth regions, phases of growth cell formation, cell elongation and cell differentiation; growth of root, shoot and leaf, factors affecting growth.

9. Reproduction: Floral parts, pollination and fertilization, growth and development of fruits of angiosperm; asexual reproduction – sprouting, stem, leaf and root cuttings; layering, grafting.

10. Seed physiology and dormancy.

Delvin, R.M. and Witham, F.H. 1983. Plant Physiology (4^th ed.) CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi. 577p.

Jain, V.K. 1981 Fundamentals of plant physiology. S. Chand & Company Ltd. New Delhi. 362p.

Kramer, P.J. and Kozlowski, T. 1972 Physiology of woody plants. Academic press New Yourk & London. 811 p.

Pandey. S.N. and Singha, B.K. 1979. Plant Physiology. Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. 583p.

Street, H.E.& Opik, H. 1984. The Physiology of flowering plants: their growth and development. 3^rd ed., Edward Arnold, London. 279p.

 

1. Introduction and scope of Forest Entomology, importance of insects to Forestry; lists of beneficial and harmful insects for forestry.

2. Insect structure and functions, reproduction and metamorphosis, different types of insect larvae and pupae.

3. Taxonomy and classification of forest related insects up to orders.

4. Concept of insect ecology and population dynamics, ecological factors influencing population fluctuations and outbreaks of pests, relative susceptibilities of different forest types of insect damage.

5. Methods of pest management: Mechanical, chemical, Biological, IPM, etc.

6. Biology, nature, extent of damage and control of the major pests of forests and forest products: a. nursery pest - cutworms, cockchafers, termites and ants, b. plantation pests - teak defoliator and skeletonizer, sal heartwood borer, mahogony shoot borer, gamar defoliator and keora beehole borer, c. wood and timber pests - ghoon beetle ambrosis beetle and termites, d. pests of forest tree seeds.

7. Biology of honeybee, silkmoth and lac insects and their management to increase forest productivity.

8. Medical entomology - parasitic protozoa, mosquito and fly borne diseases and their prevention.

Alam, M. Z. 1965. Modern insecticides and their uses. 209 p.

Anon. 1975. Forest Pest Control. National academy of Science. NAS, Washington, D. C.

Beeson, C. F. C. 1941. The ecology and control of forest insects of India and neighboring countries, Govt. of India Press. 267 p.

Bhuiya, B. A. and Ismail , M.A. 1990.Preliminary study on the Insect Pests of some forest trees seeds, from Chittagong, C.U. Studies, Vol. 14 (1).

Borror, D. J. and Delong, D. M. An Introduction to the study of insects.

Bosk, W. Forest Pest of Bangladesh and their control, Bulletin No. 1, BFRI Publication.

Chapnan, R. F. The Insects structure and function.

Davidson, R.H. and Longman, W.F. 1979. Insect pests of farm gardens and Orchards. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 596 p.

Findley, W. P. K. 1967. Timber pests and diseases: Pragman Press, 280 p.

Graham, S.A. and Knight, F.B. 1965. Principles of Forest Entomology, McGraw Hill book Company, 417 p.

Harris, W.V. 1964. Termites: Their recognition and control. Longmans, London, 187 p.

Imms, A. D. A Text book of entomology.

Mathers, G. A. 1979. Pesticide application methods, Longman, 336p.

Metcalf, G. L. and Flint, W. P. Destructive and useful Insects.

Romosez, W. S. The sciences of Entomology.

Snodgrass, R. E. Principles of Insect Morphology.

USDA.1952. Insects: The Year Book of Agriculture.

 

This course will include an orientation tour to different forest areas and forest-related organisations to introduce forestry in Bangladesh and to show natural diversity and its trend. All students will write a field trip report, and appear in written examination and viva-voce. It also includes tree planting, nursing and maintaining a plantation journal by each of the students.

Wood Anatomy

1. Definition and formation of wood.

2. Types of plant cell in wood formation.

3. Macroscopic structure, such as colour, lustre, odour, taste, weight, hardness, grain, texture, figure, etc. in wood.

4. Minute structure of softwood and hardwood.

5. Natural defects in wood.

1. Wood moisture relation.

2. Stress, strain and Hook’s Law.

3. Strength properties of wood and factors affecting them.

4. Properties in relation to light, sound, heat and electricity.

1. Major chemical constituents of wood, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, extractives, etc. and their influence on wood properties.

2. Microfibrils, cell-wall layers and its chemical composition.

3. Brief introduction to wood polymers.

Desch, H.E. 1977. Timber its structure and properties. (5^th ed.). Macmillan press Ltd. London.

John, G.H. and Jim L.B. 1982. Forest products and wood science: An Introduction. Iowa State University Press.

Panshin. A. J. and C. de. Zeeuw. 1952, Textbook of Wood Technology Volume-I, McGraw Hill Book Company, Inc., London.

Farmer, R.H. 1967. Chemistry - in the utilization of wood. 1^st ed. Pergamon Press, London.

Indian forest utilization (Vol. I) FRI, India 1970.

Kolmann, F.F.P. and W.A. Cote, Jr.- Principle of wood science and technology solid wood.

Tsoumis, G. 1968. Wood as a raw material. 1^st Edition, Pergamon Press. London.

Rowell, R. 1984. The Chemistry of Solid Wood. American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.

 

1. Introduction and importance of studying fungi, characteristics of fungi and their classification up to classes, vegetative and reproductive structure of fungi and their dispersal and survival.

2. Mode of nutrition including mycorrhizae.

3. Life history of selected fungi representing major groups and associated with tree diseases: Phytophthora/Phthium spp., Nectria haematococca, Rhizophus artocarpi, Ganoderma lucidum, Fusarium solani, Phomopsis hevae.

4. General account of bacteria and viruses.

1. Historical perspectives of forest pathology, principles of forest pathology.

2. Diagnosis of diseases - their causes and symptoms, pathogenicity and factors of disease development.

3. Diseases in the forest nurseries - their symptomatology, causes, prevention and/or control.

4. Detailed study of major diseases in forests - top dying of sundri, root rot of pyinkado, bamboo blight in village groves, mistletoe infestation of gamar, dieback of keora.

5. Decay of wood and its prevention, heart rots in trees, sap and/or blue stain in timber, dry rot of timber in construction.

6. Principles of forest disease management and control.

1. Classification of agencies injurious to forest.

2. Nature and extent of damage due to forest fire, wildlife, grazing and human interference and measures to prevent these.

Alexopoulos, C.S. and Mims, C.W. 1979. Introductory mycology. Wiley Hastern Limited, New Delhi. 632p.

Ashrafuzzaman, M.H. 1976. Laboratory manual of plant pathology, Chapagar, Mymensingh, 99p.

Bakshi, B.F. 1976. Forest pathology: Principles and practice in forestry, Govt. of India, 400 p.

Blanchard, R.O. & Tattac. T.A. 1981. Field and laboratory guide to tree pathology. Academic press, 285p.

CHI. 1983. Plant pathologists’ pocket book. CAB, Slough, 439p.

Funder, S. 2968. Practical mycology: manual for identification of fungi. Hafnar publishing Co. Inc. N.Y. 146p.

Hawksworth, D.L., Sutton, B.C. & Ainsworth G.C. 1983. Ainsworth & Bishy’s Dictionary of the fungi. CAB, Slough, 445p.

Khan.H. 1980. Pathology of trees Univ. of Agriculture, Faisalabad Pakistan.

Manion, P.D. 1981. Tree diseases concept. Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey, 399p.

Rahman, M.A. 1990. Major diseases in the nurseries and forests of Bangladesh. Lecture guide on forest Pathology. Institute of forestry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 45p.

Singh, R.S. 1984. Introduction to Principles of plant pathology, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Calcutta, 534p.

1. Objectives and scope: Introduction, scope and importance of surveying in Forestry.

2. Scales: Definitions, RF, Plain, diagonal and vernier scales.

3. Maps and map reading: Classification of maps, orientation, location of point(s).

4. Chain Survey: Instruments and procedures, errors and corrections, recording and plotting.

5. Traverse Survey: Angular instruments, types, bearings, field procedures, plotting, closing errors and adjustments, theodolites, measurement of horizontal and vertical angles, measurement of bearings, Azimuths.

6. Plane Table Survey: General instrumentation and principle; methods and procedure - setting up the table and orientation, radiation, intersection, traversing, and resection.

7. Levels and Levelling: Instrumentation, principles of levelling, classification of levelling-direct and indirect levelling, profile levelling common errors in levelling.

8. Topographical Surveying: Contouring-contours, characteristics of contours, methods of contouring, drawing of topographical maps, GPS.

9. Area computation: Computation of area by planimeter, and square methods.

10. Management and costing of Forest Survey.

11. Enlargement, Reduction and Copying Plans and Maps: Copying by tracing, graphical methods and mechanical methods; enlargement and reduction by proportional compass; by photographic and photo copying methods.

Aziz, M.A. and Shahjahan, M.. 1974. Surveying. Zoberi and pearl Publishers, Bangla Bazar, Dhaka-1.

Bannister A. and Raymond, S. 1977. Surveying. Pitman Publishing Limited, London.

Brinker, R. C. and Paul r. w. 1984. Elementary surveying. Seventh Edition. Harper and Row Publishers, Inc. New York.

Coover L. S. 1966. Drawing and Blueprint Reading. Third Edition. McGraw Hill Book Company, New York..

Kissan, P. 1971. Surveying practice. Second Edition. McGraw -Hill Book Company, New York.

Kjellstrom, B. 1976. Be Expert with Map and Compass- The Orienting Handbook. Fourth Edition. Charles Scribner’s Sons.

Moffitt, F. H. and Harvy,B. 1982. Surveying. Seventh Edition. Harper and Row Publishers, Inc, New York.

Parkash, R. 1983. Forest surveying. International Book Distributors, Dehra Dun.

Pugh, J.C. 1975. Surveying for field Scientists. Methuen and Co. Ltd, London.

1. Introduction to some basic terms of silviculture –silvics, silviculture, fluted stem, butress stem, forked stem, mangrove roots, die back of seedling, advanced growth, whorled branching, etc.

2. Forest Tree Seed:

a. Classification of forest tree seed based on storage physiology.

b. Recalcitrant, orthodox, intermediates.

c. Problems with recalcitrant seeds, storage of seedlings, clonal propagation techniques as a means of propagation of recalcitrant species.

2. Natural regeneration:

a.Ecological basis of natural regeneration.

b. Natural regeneration by seed, coppice and root sucker.

c. Natural regeneration in mangrove forests, hill forests, sal forests and bamboo forests.

d. Factor affecting natural regeneration.

e. Classification of tropical forest species in relation to light environment.

f. Shade tolerance of tree species, gap phase dynamics.

g. Concept of secondary forest.

h. Competition of tree seedling/sapling for different site factors, shade-light responses of forest tree seedlings, recruitment processes and assessment of growth of recruits.

3. Artificial regeneration:

a. Principles of enrichment planting.

b. Amelioration of degraded sites/difficult sites: beach land, unclassified state forests.

c. Planting in grassland areas, saline land, water logged/marshy lands, planting in industrial sites, roads sites, urban areas, etc.

Tending Operations:

a. Weeding, cleaning, climber cutting, girdling, pollarding, release cutting, salvage cutting.

b. Thinning - objectives of thinning, tree classification based on canopy level, methods of thinning and conditions under which each one applied, thinning carryout in various forests of Bangladesh.

Champion, H.G. and H.K. Seth. General Silviculture of India.

Evans, S. Plantation Forestry in the Tropics. Clarendon press Oxford. 472 pp.

Prakash, R. and L.S. Khanna. 1983. Theory and Practice of silvicultural Systems. International Book Distributions. Dehra Dun (India.).

Smith, D.W. 1962. The practice of silviculture, (7^th ed.). John wiley & Sons. New York. 578pp.

Zabala, N.Q. 1990. Principles and practice of Silviculture. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011, Field Document No. 25. Development of Professional Education in the Forestry Sector in Bangladesh. Institute of Forestry. Chittagong University, Chittagong & FAO.

Zabala, N.Q. 1990. Practice of Silviculture. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011, Field Document No. 30. Development of Professional Education in the Forestry Sector of Bangladesh. Institute of Forestry. Chittagong University, Chittagong & FAO.

Zabala, N.Q. 1990. Principles of Silviculture. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011, Field Document No. 7. Development of Professional Education in the Forestry Sector of Bangladesh. Institute of Forestry. Chittagong University, Chittagong & FAO.

Zabala, N.Q. 1991. Silvicultural Systems. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011, Field Document No. 27. Development of Professional Education in the Forestry Sector of Bangladesh. Institute of Forestry. Chittagong University, Chittagong & FAO.

This course will include an orientation tour to different forest areas and forest-related organisations to introduce forestry in Bangladesh and to show natural diversity and its trend. All students will write a field trip report, and appear in written examination and viva-voce. It also includes tree planting, nursing and maintaining a plantation journal by each of the students.

1. Identification of major disease symptoms of trees.

2. Important tree disease pathogens and wood decay fungi.

3. Techniques of isolation of fungi.

4. Methods of collection and preservation of fungi.

Alexopoulos, C.S. and Mims, C.W. 1979. Introductory mycology. Wiley Hastern Limited, New Delhi. 632p.

Ashrafuzzaman, M.H. 1976. Laboratory manual of plant pathology, Chapagar, Mymensingh, 99p.

Bakshi, B.F. 1976. Forest pathology: Principles and practice in forestry, Govt. of India, 400 p.

Blanchard, R.O. & Tattac. T.A. 1981. Field and laboratory guide to tree pathology. Academic press, 285p.

CHI. 1983. Plant pathologists’ pocket book. CAB, Slough, 439p.

Funder, S. 2968. Practical mycology: manual for identification of fungi. Hafnar publishing Co. Inc. N.Y. 146p.

Hawksworth, D.L., Sutton, B.C. & Ainsworth G.C. 1983. Ainsworth & Bishy’s Dictionary of the fungi. CAB, Slough, 445p.

Khan.H. 1980. Pathology of trees Univ. of Agriculture, Faisalabad Pakistan.

Manion, P.D. 1981. Tree diseases concept. Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey, 399p.

Rahman, M.A. 1990. Major diseases in the nurseries and forests of Bangladesh. Lecture guide on forest Pathology. Institute of forestry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 45p.

Singh, R.S. 1984. Introduction to Principles of plant pathology, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Calcutta, 534p.

1. General Study: Classification and morphology of Annelids, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermatia, Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia.

2. Taxonomy: Definition, hierarchy of classification and taxonomic categories, procedure of taxonomic works, taxonomic keys.

3. Animal Physiology: respiration, circulation, digestion, excretion and reproduction; origin, function and deficiency symptoms of different kinds of vitamins and hormones.

4. Evolution: Definition, theories of evolution, Larmackism, Darwinism, speciation, evolution of elephant, tiger, monkey and deer.

5. Animal Behaviour: Definition, types, learning, taxes, instinct and reproductive behaviour of three spined stickle back and gulls; Food and feeding habits of deer, elephant, wildbour, porcupine, rat and birds.

6. Animal Ecology: Types and principles of ecology; freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecology.

Jordan, E.L. and Verma P.S. 1978, (i) Chordate Zoology (ii) Invertebrate Zoology. S. Chand & Company Ltd. Ram Nagar. New Delhi - 1100055. (i) 1551p. (ii)1018p.

Lal, S.S. 1975. A Text Book of Practical Zoology. Vertebrate, Rastogi Publication Meerut-250002, India. 318p.

Mayr, E. Principles of Systematic Zoology. Tata-McGraw Hill Co. Ltd. India.

Parks, T.J. 1972. A Text Book of Zoology. 2^nd Ed. Macmillan & Co. New York. St. Martins Press. 770p.

Storer, T. I. 1957. General Zoology. Tata Migraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd. Bombay, New Delhi. 741p.

Young, J.Z. 1964. The Life of Vertibrates. Oxford University press. New York & Oxford. 820p.

1.Study of museum specimens of Annelids, Crustaceans, Molluses, Eechinoderms, Pisces, Amphibian, Reptilia and Mammalia.

2.Study of skeletal system of Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia.

Jordan, E.L. and Verma P.S. 1978, (i) Chordate Zoology (ii) Invertebrate Zoology. S. Chand & Company Ltd. Ram Nagar. New Delhi - 1100055. (i) 1551p. (ii)1018p.

Lal, S.S. 1975. A Text Book of Practical Zoology. Vertebrate, Rastogi Publication Meerut-250002, India. 318p.

Mayr, E. Principles of Systematic Zoology. Tata-McGraw Hill Co. Ltd. India.

Parks, T.J. 1972. A Text Book of Zoology. 2^nd Ed. Macmillan & Co. New York. St. Martins Press. 770p.

Storer, T. I. 1957. General Zoology. Tata Migraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd. Bombay, New Delhi. 741p.

Young, J.Z. 1964. The Life of Vertibrates. Oxford University press. New York & Oxford. 820p.

1. Diagnosis of insect attack by symptoms.

2. Identifications of the common forest insect pests, teak defoliator & skeletonizer, sal heartwood borer, teak canker grab, mahogony shoot borer, gamar defoliator, keora defoliator, keora beehole borer, sissoo defoliator and cane top shoot borer.

3. Identification of common predatory and parasitic insects of forest pests.

4. Methods of insect collection, preservation and despatch to Entomologist for advice, insecticide formulations.

5. Pesticide application equipment and safety precautions.

Alam, M. Z. 1965. Modern insecticides and their uses. 209 p.

Anon. 1975. Forest Pest Control. National academy of Science. NAS, Washington, D. C.

Beeson, C. F. C. 1941. The ecology and control of forest insects of India and neighboring countries, Govt. of India Press. 267 p.

Bhuiya, B. A. and Ismail , M.A. 1990.Preliminary study on the Insect Pests of some forest trees seeds, from Chittagong, C.U. Studies, Vol. 14 (1).

Borror, D. J. and Delong, D. M. An Introduction to the study of insects.

Bosk, W. Forest Pest of Bangladesh and their control, Bulletin No. 1, BFRI Publication.

Chapnan, R. F. The Insects structure and function.

Davidson, R.H. and Longman, W.F. 1979. Insect pests of farm gardens and Orchards. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 596 p.

Findley, W. P. K. 1967. Timber pests and diseases: Pragman Press, 280 p.

Graham, S.A. and Knight, F.B. 1965. Principles of Forest Entomology, McGraw Hill book Company, 417 p.

Harris, W.V. 1964. Termites: Their recognition and control. Longmans, London, 187 p.

Imms, A. D. A Text book of entomology.

Mathers, G. A. 1979. Pesticide application methods, Longman, 336p.

Metcalf, G. L. and Flint, W. P. Destructive and useful Insects.

Romosez, W. S. The sciences of Entomology.

Snodgrass, R. E. Principles of Insect Morphology.

USDA.1952. Insects: The Year Book of Agriculture.

1. Identification of commercial timbers of Bangladesh with hand lens.

2. Determination of colour, lustre, grain, texture, and figure of wood.

3. Demonstrate different methods of determining the strength properties of wood samples.

Desch, H.E. 1977. Timber its structure and properties. (5^th ed.). Macmillan press Ltd. London.

John, G.H. and Jim L.B. 1982. Forest products and wood science: An Introduction. Iowa State University Press.

Panshin. A. J. and C. de. Zeeuw. 1952, Textbook of Wood Technology Volume-I, McGraw Hill Book Company, Inc., London.

Farmer, R.H. 1967. Chemistry - in the utilization of wood. 1^st ed. Pergamon Press, London.

Indian forest utilization (Vol. I) FRI, India 1970.

Kolmann, F.F.P. and W.A. Cote, Jr.- Principle of wood science and technology solid wood.

Tsoumis, G. 1968. Wood as a raw material. 1^st Edition, Pergamon Press. London.

Rowell, R. 1984. The Chemistry of Solid Wood. American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.

1. Demonstration of drawing equipment.

2. Lettering practice.

3. Construction of different types of scale.

4. Chain survey.

5. Traverse Surveying.

6. Plane Table Surveying.

7. Levelling.

8. Contouring.

9. Area calculation.

10. Copying, enlargement and reduction of maps.

11. Map reading.

Aziz, M.A. and Shahjahan, M.. 1974. Surveying. Zoberi and pearl Publishers, Bangla Bazar, Dhaka-1.

Bannister A. and Raymond, S. 1977. Surveying. Pitman Publishing Limited, London.

Brinker, R. C. and Paul r. w. 1984. Elementary surveying. Seventh Edition. Harper and Row Publishers, Inc. New York.

Coover L. S. 1966. Drawing and Blueprint Reading. Third Edition. McGraw Hill Book Company, New York..

Kissan, P. 1971. Surveying practice. Second Edition. McGraw -Hill Book Company, New York.

Kjellstrom, B. 1976. Be Expert with Map and Compass- The Orienting Handbook. Fourth Edition. Charles Scribner’s Sons.

Moffitt, F. H. and Harvy,B. 1982. Surveying. Seventh Edition. Harper and Row Publishers, Inc, New York.

Parkash, R. 1983. Forest surveying. International Book Distributors, Dehra Dun.

Pugh, J.C. 1975. Surveying for field Scientists. Methuen and Co. Ltd, London.

 

Species Silviculture

Silviculture of the following forest tree species: Teak, Sal, Garjan, Gamar, Mahogani, Dhakijam, Chapalish, Telsur, Kanthal, Uriam, Akshmoni, Sissoo, Babla, Rain Tree, Eucalyptus, Mangium, Arjun, Jarul, Koroi, Bot, Champaful, Amloki, Am, Narikel, Supari, Kadam, Simul, Bamboo, Cane, Patipata, Neem, Lohakat.

1. Classification of silvicultural systems: Monocyclic and polycyclic systems.

2. Silvicultural systems practised in the forest of Bangladesh and other tropical countries.

Zabala, N.Q,1990 silviculture of Species, UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/o11.Field Document No.14 Development of professional education in the forestry sector of Bangladesh. Institute of forestry Chittagong University , Chittagong & FAO, Rome.

Zabala, N.Q. 1991. Silviculture system. UNDP/FAO/BGD/85/011. Field Document No. 27. Development of professional Education in the Forestry sector of Bangladesh. Institute of Forestry, Chittagong University, Chittagong and FAO, Rome.

 

1. Definitions: Aerial photography, aerial videography.

2. Application of aerial photography and aerial videography in forest resource management.

3. Aerial Cameras, Photo films and filter in aerial photography, aerial photography planning, flying aerial photo, scales of aerial photos, quality of aerial photos.

4. Photo Interpretation: Principles, elements of aerial photo interpretation, ground truthing.

5. Aerial phtogrammetry: Definition, scope, application in the field of forestry.

6. Aerial photo Measurements: Determination of area, Height measurement, Canopy closure measurement, road density measurement, landuse classification, error matrix.

7. Satellite Imagery: Definition, scope, types, application of imageries in the field of Forestry.

8. Energy used in satellite imagery, principles and characteristics of different satellites and radar systems.

1. Definition of GIS and TGIS , scope, application in the field of Forestry, different GIS software.

2. Spatial analysis and modelling, image processing and classification and production of digital map, GPS and Ground Truthing, Error matrix.

Recommended References:

Akthar, S. and Karki, A.S. 1999. Application of GIS to Mountain Land-use planning. International center for Integrated Mountain Development. Kathmandu, Nepal.

Avery, T.F. and Berlin, G.L.. 1985. Interpretation of aerial photographs. 4^th Edn. Burgess publishing co. Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Buhmann, S. 1996. Geographic Information System. Bruenig, E.F. and Bossel, H. (eds.). Natural Resource Systems Analysis.

Chrisman, N. 1997. Exploring geographic information systems. John Wiley & Sons. 298p.

Colwell, R.N.; Esters, I.C. and Thorley, G.A. (eds.). 1983. Manual of Remote Sensing Vol. 2. Interpretation and Application. amer. Soc. of Photogrametry, Virginia.

De Mers, M.N. 1999. Fundamentals of geographic information systems. Second edition. New York. 498p.

Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W. 1987. Remote sensing and Image Interpretation. Second Edition. John Wiley and Sons. New York, USA.

Moffit. F.H. and Mihlail, G.W. 1980. Photogrammetry. 3^rd Edn. Harper and Row Publishers N. York.

Paine, D.P. 1981. Aerial Photogrammetry and Image Interpretation for Resource Management. John Wiley & Sons. New York, USA.

Sharma, M.K. 1986. Remote Sensing & Forest Surveys. International Book Distributors. Dehra Dun, India.

Simonett, D.S. and Ulaby, F.T. (eds). 1983. Manual of Remote Sensing. Volume One. Second edition. American Society of Photogrammetry. USA.

Walford, N. 1995. Geographical data analysis. John Wiley & Sons. 446p.

 

1. Orientation of aerial photos for stereo viewing.

2. Determination of photo scale and flying height.

3. Finding way point using aerial photos.

4. Visual photo interpretation: delineation of areas, measurement of height, canopy closure, road density.

5. Digital image processing, classification and production of digital map.

Recommended References:

Akthar, S. and Karki, A.S. 1999. Application of GIS to Mountain Land-use planning. International center for Integrated Mountain Development. Kathmandu, Nepal.

Avery, T.F. and Berlin, G.L.. 1985. Interpretation of aerial photographs. 4^th Edn. Burgess publishing co. Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Buhmann, S. 1996. Geographic Information System. Bruenig, E.F. and Bossel, H. (eds.). Natural Resource Systems Analysis.

Chrisman, N. 1997. Exploring geographic information systems. John Wiley & Sons. 298p.

Colwell, R.N.; Esters, I.C. and Thorley, G.A. (eds.). 1983. Manual of Remote Sensing Vol. 2. Interpretation and Application. amer. Soc. of Photogrametry, Virginia.

De Mers, M.N. 1999. Fundamentals of geographic information systems. Second edition. New York. 498p.

Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W. 1987. Remote sensing and Image Interpretation. Second Edition. John Wiley and Sons. New York, USA.

Moffit. F.H. and Mihlail, G.W. 1980. Photogrammetry. 3^rd Edn. Harper and Row Publishers N. York.

Paine, D.P. 1981. Aerial Photogrammetry and Image Interpretation for Resource Management. John Wiley & Sons. New York, USA.

Sharma, M.K. 1986. Remote Sensing & Forest Surveys. International Book Distributors. Dehra Dun, India.

Simonett, D.S. and Ulaby, F.T. (eds). 1983. Manual of Remote Sensing. Volume One. Second edition. American Society of Photogrammetry. USA.

Walford, N. 1995. Geographical data analysis. John Wiley & Sons. 446p.

 

1. Definition, objectives, scope and importance of mensuration.

2. Principles, methods and instruments of measuring diameter and height of trees.

3. Principles and uses of relaskope in forest mensuration.

4. Form and shapes of trees, taper functions and equations.

5. Measurement of log and tree volumes, construction and testing of volume tables.

6. Stand variables and measurements of basal area, canopy cover and dominant height, stock measurement.

7. Stem analysis, estimation of age and rate growth of trees in plantations.

1. Definition, types of forest inventory and objectives of forest inventory.

2. Revision of statistical procedures in sampling and objectives of inventory.

3. Sampling designs commonly applied in forest inventories - random, systematic, cluster, two phase, multistage and stratified sampling designs, relative efficiency of sampling designs, subjective and objective sampling designs, principles and application of point sampling.

4. Choice of plot size and shape, permanent sample plots and recurrent forest inventory, application of remote sensing technique in forest inventory, forest inventory planning and procedure, collection of data from field, processing and report writing.

5. Estimation of growth and yield, site classification based on MAI and CAI.

6. Cost of forest inventory, use of GIS in forest inventory; different types of error introduce in inventory.

Recommended References:

Avery, T.E. 1967. Forest Measurements. McGraw-Hill Comp., New York.

Bruce, D. and Schumacher, F.X., 1950. Forest mensuration, McGraw-Hill book Company, Inc., New York.

Chaturvedi, A.N. and L.S. Khanna, 1982. Forest Mensuration, Insternational Book Distributors, Dehradun-248001, India.

Dilwarth, J.r. and J.F. Bell. 1985. Variable probability sampling. Variable Plot and Three P. OSU Book stores Inc. USA.

Hutsch, B. Miller and Beers. 1972. Forrest Mensuration.

Lauly,J.P. 1973. Manual of Forest Inventory with special reference to Mixed Tropical Forests. FAO. Rome.

Loetsch, F. and K.E. Haller. 1964. Forest Inventory. HGV Verlagsgesselschaft muucheu, Beru Wien. Vol. 1 & Vol. 2.

Philip, M. S. 1984. Measuring trees and Forests division of forestry, Univ. of Dar es Saalaam.

Temu, A.R. 1990. Forest Mensuration, UNDP/ FAOBGD/ 85/011. Field document No. 3. IFCU.

 

1. Introduction: Concept of resources economics, forest economics in aid of forestry decisions, limitations of economics.

2. Demand and Supply: Concepts of demand and supply, shift in demand and supply, market equilibrium, applications of demand and supply, shape of supply and demand curves-elasticity, kinds of elasticity.

3. Theory of Consumer Behaviour and Utility: Cardinal utility theory; ordinal utility; indifference curves; choice with a budget constraint; utility maximisation; angel curves; income and substitution effects.

4. Production Theory: Factors of production, production processes, production theory applied to forestry, total product curves, isoquants, isoquant-isocost map, production methods to choose.

5. The Concept of cost: Cost, opportunity cost, social cost, social and private cost, cost function in the short run, long run theory of cost, external economics and diseconomies.

1. Introduction: Market and marketing, relevance of marketing in forestry, forest products and services, special features of marketing of forest products/services, scope of marketing.

2. The Market: Market period, market dynamics, market structure, classification of markets, price and output under perfect competition, the firm's short run supply curve, short run supply curve of the industry, short run and long run equilibrium price and output for the industry, price and output under pure monopoly, monopoly pricing, profit as a business objective, price discrimination, effect of tax on price.

3. Marketing of forest products in Bangladesh: Types of forest markets, market and marketable products, systems of marketing of forest produce, marketing of standing trees by the Forest Department, Marketing by public sector corporation.

4. Forest Valuation: Purpose of valuation, Faustmann’s soil expectation value formula, problems of forest land value.

Recommended References:

Baumol, W.J. 1970. Economic theory & Operation Analysis, Prentic – Hall of india private ltd. New Dhihi.

Duerr, W.A. 1960. Forestry Economics. McGraw Hill Book Company. N.Y. 579p.

Davis & Johnson. 1987. Forest Management. McGraw Hill Book Company.

Gregory, G. Robinson. 1972. Forest Resource Economics. The Ronals Press Company New York, USA.

Howe, C.W. 1979. Natural Resource Economics. John Willey & Sons. N.Y. 350p.

Pant, M.M. 1986. Forest Economic & Valuation. Medhawi Publishers Dehra Dun. 512p.

Pant.M.M. 1990. Marketing of Forest Products in Bangladesh UNDP/FAO/ BGD/85/011. Field Document No.16. IFESCU & FAO, 114p.

Rich, Stuart U. – Marketing of Forest Products: Texts and Cases, McGraw Hill Book Company, 1970. 712p.

Leigh, Jack H. The timber Trade: An Introduction to Commercial Aspects. (2^nd ed.) Pegamon Press. Oxford, 1971; 115pp.